Lawrence River Valley and the Labrador Peninsula (Nova Scotia). Subsequently, the British invaded the established French colonies and established other settlements, particularly in the Atlantic Coast region (Nova Scotia, Acadia), the St. After some unsuccessful experiments in the first half of the 16th century, we see the first French perennial trading posts on the continent between 16, initiating the process of French colonization. Although Vikings settled from the 11th century to the 14th century, the first explorations of Europeans began at the end of the 15th century, culminating in the expeditions of Frenchman Jacques Cartier to the Gulf of St. The first occupants of the Canadian territory were the Amerindians, whose migrations date back to about 15,000 years ago during the last glaciation that lowered the level of the oceans and created a land bridge linking Eurasia to America, allowing to settle down. The federal capital is Ottawa and the currency is the Canadian dollar. The official languages at the federal level are English and French. The territory contains more than 31,700 lakes, making Canada the country with some of the largest freshwater reserves in the world. In 2016, it has about 36 million inhabitants and is the 37th most populous country in the world.
Canada's land area is nearly 10 million square kilometers, making it the second largest country in the world after Russia. The United States is the only border country in the south and north-west. A federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy composed of ten provinces and three territories, the country is bordered on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, on the north by the Arctic Ocean and on the west by the Pacific Ocean from where its motto Latin (official since 1921) found on some 50 cents coins among others "A mari usque ad mare" (from one ocean to another). Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.
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